野生马铃薯在墨西哥的存在表明该国处在马铃薯发源地范围之内。但是，一些证据表明该国种植的马铃薯品种很有可能是西班牙入侵者16世纪时带到这里来的。
直到1960年代早期，马铃薯的种植仅仅局限在墨西哥中部火山区海拔高于2000米的旱作地区，年产量大约30万吨，而每公顷产量不到6吨。在此后的20年中，生产扩大到北部和西部的灌溉地区，那里的每公顷产量如今达到40吨。尽管自1980年以来用于马铃薯种植的面积变化不大，1961年之后每公顷平均产量却几乎增加了两倍，2012年总产量达到了创纪录的180万吨。
在墨西哥，马铃薯的年人均消费量是15公斤，与其玉米400公斤的消费量相比算非常低的水平。但是从加拿大和美国进口的马铃薯数量近年来却稳步增长，2006年鲜薯进口量达到6.5万吨，冷冻产品的进口量达到12.2万吨。（来源：国际马铃薯年）
Agricultural Statistics 墨西哥
| Potato Seed in 2006 : | 52494.40 | tonnes | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Price at Producer in 2006 : | 438.60 | USD/tonne | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Production in 2005 : | 1634700.00 | tonnes | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Yield in 2005 : | 259662.00 | Hg/Ha | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Area Harvested in 2005 : | 62955.00 | Ha | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Seed in 2005 : | 49520.00 | tonnes | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Price at Producer in 2005 : | 424.00 | USD/tonne | Official data | ℹ |
Consumption Statistics 墨西哥
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1978: | 11.38 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1978: | 0.72 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1977: | 7.73 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1977: | 0.98 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1976: | 8.56 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1976: | 1.08 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1975: | 9.29 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
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