据说在1565年，西班牙国王菲利浦二世让人将一包马铃薯块茎带到罗马，作为送给教皇庇护四世的礼物，教皇则将这些样品转赠给了比利时的一名红衣主教。块茎的意大利名称 tartufoli（“小松露”）也随着样品遍布欧洲的繁殖传播被其他不同语种采用，如德语（kartoffel）、罗马尼亚语（cartof）、俄语（kartófil）、甚至冰岛语（kartafla）。
尽管马铃薯（在现代意大利语中被称为patata）是农村家庭数代人的主粮，自20世纪60年代农民在38万公顷土地上生产出400万吨马铃薯之后，马铃薯的种植一直在下降。虽然每公顷产量从10吨增加至大约25吨，但是大量不适宜马铃薯种植的土地被遗弃了。
热爱面食的意大利是欧洲马铃薯消费量最低的国家之一，每年人均消费不足40公斤。即便如此，在2005年要满足国内需求依然需要进口超过100万吨的原料和加工的马铃薯。（来源：国际马铃薯年）
Agricultural Statistics 意大利
| Potato Production in 2013 : | 1272210.00 | tonnes | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Yield in 2013 : | 252483.00 | hg/ha | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Yield in 2013 : | 248589.00 | Hg/Ha | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Seed in 2013 : | 160360.00 | tonnes | Calculated data | ℹ |
| Potato Area Harvested in 2013 : | 53803.00 | Ha | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Area Harvested in 2013 : | 50388.00 | ha | Official data | ℹ |
| Potato Production in 2012 : | 1597800.00 | tonnes | Official data | ℹ |
Consumption Statistics 意大利
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1997: | 38.62 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1997: | 0.20 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1996: | 37.97 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1996: | 0.09 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1995: | 36.78 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
| Sweet Potatoes , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1995: | 0.20 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Sweet Potatoes |
| Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) , Consumption (Crop Equivalent) in 1994: | 43.75 | kg/capita/year | ℹ | Potatoes (Fresh and Processed) |
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